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<title>Concepción, Chile</title>

<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Concepción, Chile</span></span>

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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="Concepci%C3%B3n_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Concepción (disambiguation)">Concepción</a>.</div>

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</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Concepción</div>

<div class="nickname ib-settlement-other-name">La Concepción de María Purísima<br>del Nuevo Extremo (original name)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="List_of_cities_in_Chile" title="List of cities in Chile">City</a> and <a href="Communes_of_Chile" title="Communes of Chile">Commune</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">

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</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:290px;max-width:290px"><div style="height:122px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div><div>Concepción skyline</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:165px;max-width:165px"><div style="height:91px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div><div><a href="University_of_Concepci%C3%B3n" title="University of Concepción">University of Concepción</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:123px;max-width:123px"><div style="height:91px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div><div><a href="Cathedral_of_the_Most_Holy_Conception%2C_Chile" title="Cathedral of the Most Holy Conception, Chile">Cathedral of the Most Holy Conception</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:124px;max-width:124px"><div style="height:91px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div><div><a href="Biotren" title="Biotren">Biotren</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:164px;max-width:164px"><div style="height:91px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div><div><a href="Plaza_Per%C3%BA_(Concepci%C3%B3n)" title="Plaza Perú (Concepción)">Plaza Perú</a></div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">

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<div><span typeof="mw:File"></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Location in the Bío Bío Region</div></div>

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</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:150px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:150px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:150px"><span class="notpageimage noviewer" typeof="mw:File"></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:49.688%;left:42.243%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Concepción"></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:4px;left:-3em"><div>Concepción</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in Chile</div></div></div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Nicknames: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">Biobío's Pearl, The University City, The cradle of Chilean rock</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Motto(s): <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname"><i>La Capital del Sur de Chile</i><br>The Capital of Southern Chile</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates (Alcalde's office): <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">

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</style><span class=" nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="geo:-36.82819444444445,-73.05136944444445"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">36°49′41.50″S</span> <span class="longitude">73°03′04.93″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">36.8281944°S 73.0513694°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-36.8281944; -73.0513694</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Regions_of_Chile" title="Regions of Chile">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="B%C3%ADo_B%C3%ADo_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Bío Bío Region">Bío Bío</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Provinces_of_Chile" title="Provinces of Chile">Province</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Concepci%C3%B3n_Province%2C_Chile" title="Concepción Province, Chile">Concepción</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">October 5, 1550 </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Pedro_de_Valdivia" title="Pedro de Valdivia">Pedro de Valdivia</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-Official_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Official-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Municipality</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="Alcalde" title="Alcalde">Alcalde</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Héctor Muñoz Uribe (<a href="Christian_Social_Party_(Chile)" title="Christian Social Party (Chile)">PSC</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • <a href="List_of_cities_in_Chile" title="List of cities in Chile">City</a> and <a href="Communes_of_Chile" title="Communes of Chile">Commune</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">222 km<sup>2</sup> (86 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">12 m (39 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2017<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • <a href="List_of_cities_in_Chile" title="List of cities in Chile">City</a> and <a href="Communes_of_Chile" title="Communes of Chile">Commune</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">223,574</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">1,318/km<sup>2</sup> (3,410/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="Urban_area" title="Urban area">Urban</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">719,944</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">Metro</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">971,285</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Penquista</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="GDP" class="mw-redirect" title="GDP">GDP (PPP, constant 2015 values)</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Year</th><td class="infobox-data">2023</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Total</th><td class="infobox-data">$22.0 billion<sup id="cite_ref-TelluBase_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TelluBase-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="UTC%E2%88%924" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC−4">UTC−4</a> (<a href="Time_in_Chile" title="Time in Chile">CLT</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="UTC%E2%88%923" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC−3">UTC−3</a> (<a href="Time_in_Chile" title="Time in Chile">CLST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Post code</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">3349001</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Telephone prefix</th><td class="infobox-data">56 + 41</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Climate</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Warm-summer_mediterranean_climate" class="mw-redirect" title="Warm-summer mediterranean climate">Csb</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.concepcion.cl/">www<wbr>.concepcion<wbr>.cl</a></span> <span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span></td></tr></tbody></table>

<p><b>Concepción</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">

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</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Spanish pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="es-Latn-fonipa">[konseβˈsjon]</span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/f\/f9\/Es-Concepci%C3%B3n.ogg\/Es-Concepci%C3%B3n.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Es-Concepci\u00f3n.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f9/Es-Concepci%C3%B3n.ogg/Es-Concepci%C3%B3n.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable">ⓘ</sup></span>; originally: <i>Concepción de la Madre Santísima de la Luz</i>, "Conception of the Blessed Mother of Light") is a city and <a href="Communes_of_Chile" title="Communes of Chile">commune</a> in south-central <a href="Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a>, and the geographical and demographic core of the <a href="Greater_Concepci%C3%B3n" title="Greater Concepción">Greater Concepción</a> <a href="Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">metropolitan area</a>, it is the second largest city in Chile by urban area and one of the three major conurbations in the country.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has a significant impact on domestic trade<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> being part of the most heavily industrialized region in the country.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is the seat of the <a href="Concepci%C3%B3n_Province%2C_Chile" title="Concepción Province, Chile">Concepción Province</a> and the capital of the <a href="Biob%C3%ADo_Region" title="Biobío Region">Biobío Region</a>. It sits about 500 km south of the nation's capital, <a href="Santiago" title="Santiago">Santiago</a>.

</p><p>The city was first settled in the <a href="Bay_of_Concepci%C3%B3n" title="Bay of Concepción">Bay of Concepción</a>, in the zone that would later become the commune of <a href="Penco" title="Penco">Penco</a>, now part of the <a href="Greater_Concepci%C3%B3n" title="Greater Concepción">Concepción conurbation</a>. The city's demonym, <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/penquista" class="extiw external" title="wikt:penquista">penquista</a></i></span>, comes from the place of its original foundation. The city center and historic district is located in the <a href="Valle_de_la_Mocha" title="Valle de la Mocha">Valle de la Mocha</a> (La Mocha Valley), where it relocated after serious damage left by <a href="1751_Concepci%C3%B3n_earthquake" title="1751 Concepción earthquake">an earthquake</a> in 1751.

</p><p>The origin of Concepción dates back to 1550, when it was founded by Pedro de Valdivia as part of the <a href="Spanish_Empire" title="Spanish Empire">Spanish Empire</a>, under the name of <i>Concepción de María Purísima del Nuevo Extremo</i>, and was the capital of the <a href="Kingdom_of_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Chile">Kingdom of Chile</a> between 1565 and 1573, retaining the unofficial position of military capital<sup id="cite_ref-encicloreg2006_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encicloreg2006-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for the rest of the <a href="Colonial_Chile" title="Colonial Chile">colonial period</a>. The city was an important site in the <a href="Independence_of_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="Independence of Chile">struggle for Chile's independence</a>, with the Chilean declaration of Independence being held at Concepción's <i>Plaza de la Independencia</i>. Until the election of <a href="Manuel_Montt" title="Manuel Montt">Manuel Montt</a> in 1851 as president, executive power in independent Chile was dominated by Concepción elites.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The city is a known <a href="College_town" title="College town">college town</a> in Chile,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as it is home to numerous educational institutions, including the <a href="University_of_Concepci%C3%B3n" title="University of Concepción">University of Concepción</a>, the <a href="University_of_the_B%C3%ADo_B%C3%ADo" title="University of the Bío Bío">University of the Bío Bío</a>, and the <a href="Catholic_University_of_the_Most_Holy_Conception" title="Catholic University of the Most Holy Conception">Catholic University of the Most Holy Conception</a>. The commune also contains various historical bridges, murals, parks and lakes, as well as important cultural venues such as the <i>Teatro Biobío</i>, the <i><a href="Casa_del_Arte" title="Casa del Arte">Casa del Arte</a></i>, the local Natural History Museum, and the <i>Teatro Universidad de Concepción</i>.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div>

<p>Concepción was founded by Don <a href="Pedro_de_Valdivia" title="Pedro de Valdivia">Pedro de Valdivia</a><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in 1550 north of the <a href="B%C3%ADo_B%C3%ADo_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Bío Bío River">Bío Bío River</a>, at the site which is today known as <a href="Penco" title="Penco">Penco</a>. At that time it was given the name <i>Concepción de María Purísima del Nuevo Extremo</i> (Mary Immaculate Conception of the New End). The new settlement of Concepción was just a few kilometers north of <i><a href="La_Frontera_(geographical_region)" class="mw-redirect" title="La Frontera (geographical region)">La Frontera</a></i> (The Frontier), the boundary between Spanish territory and the land of the <a href="Mapuche" title="Mapuche">Mapuche</a>, an American Indian ethnic group that remained independent until the 1870s. The settlement was formally recognized by the Spanish authorities as a town two years later by a royal decree. It was given a coat-of-arms that is still in use today.

</p><p>At the time of the Spanish arrival to the Concepción area chronicler <a href="Jer%C3%B3nimo_de_Vivar" title="Jerónimo de Vivar">Jerónimo de Vivar</a> noted local Mapuches wore gold and silver <a href="Bracelet" title="Bracelet">bracelets</a> and "sort of crowns". This is interpreted either as <a href="Incas_in_Central_Chile" title="Incas in Central Chile">Incan</a> gifts, war spoils from defeated Incas, or the adoption of Incan <a href="Metallurgy" title="Metallurgy">metallurgy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Silva1983_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Silva1983-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Although Concepción was a significant military settlement for the <a href="Captaincy_General_of_Chile" title="Captaincy General of Chile">Captaincy General of Chile</a>, it was overrun and destroyed by <a href="Arauco_War" title="Arauco War">Mapuche armies</a> in 1554, and once again after being refounded in 1555. Concepción was restored during the governorship of <a href="Garc%C3%ADa_Hurtado_de_Mendoza%2C_5th_Marquis_of_Ca%C3%B1ete" title="García Hurtado de Mendoza, 5th Marquis of Cañete">García Hurtado de Mendoza</a> when he landed there and built a fort on the Alto de Pinto in 1557. The town was refounded once more on January 6, 1558, by captain Jerónimo de Villegas. It became the headquarters of the military forces engaged against the <a href="Mapuche" title="Mapuche">Mapuche</a> in <a href="Araucan%C3%ADa_(historic_region)" title="Araucanía (historic region)">La Araucanía</a> over the next two centuries, growing to a population of 10,000 despite a <a href="Siege" title="Siege">siege</a> in 1564 and other attacks by the Mapuche. Concepción was the home of the <a href="Audiencia_Real" class="mw-redirect" title="Audiencia Real">Real Audiencia</a> from 1565 to 1575.

</p><p><a href="Earthquakes" class="mw-redirect" title="Earthquakes">Earthquakes</a> and <a href="Tsunamis" class="mw-redirect" title="Tsunamis">tsunamis</a>, which razed the town in <a href="1570_Concepci%C3%B3n_earthquake" title="1570 Concepción earthquake">1570</a>, 1657, 1687, 1730 and 1751, led the authorities to move the town to its current site in the <a href="Valle_de_la_Mocha" title="Valle de la Mocha">Valle de la Mocha</a>, alongside the <a href="B%C3%ADo_B%C3%ADo_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Bío Bío River">Bío Bío River</a>; the old site lay empty until March 29, 1842, when the present town of <a href="Penco" title="Penco">Penco</a> was founded.

</p><p>The new site for the town of Concepción became the main town of the Intendancy of Concepción, whose jurisdiction extended from the <a href="Maule_River" title="Maule River">Maule River</a> to La Frontera. The first Intendant of Concepción was the Irishman <a href="Ambrose_O'Higgins%2C_Marquis_of_Osorno" class="mw-redirect" title="Ambrose O'Higgins, Marquis of Osorno">Ambrose O'Higgins, Marquis of Osorno</a>, who later became <a href="Royal_Governor_of_Chile" title="Royal Governor of Chile">Royal Governor of Chile</a> and <a href="List_of_Viceroys_of_Peru" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Viceroys of Peru">Viceroy of Peru</a>.

</p><p>When the First National Government Board met in <a href="Santiago" title="Santiago">Santiago</a> on September 18, 1810, citizens of Concepción joined up. Concepción was used as the point of entry by the Spanish Army in the attempt by the <a href="Viceroyalty_of_Peru" title="Viceroyalty of Peru">Viceroyalty of Peru</a> to re-conquer Chile. Concepción politicians and soldiers became a significant political force in the newly independent country.

</p><p>On January 1, 1818, Ambrose O'Higgins's son, <a href="Bernardo_O'Higgins" title="Bernardo O'Higgins">Bernardo O'Higgins</a>, proclaimed and took the oath of the <a href="Chilean_War_of_Independence" title="Chilean War of Independence">Chilean War of Independence</a> in the main square of Concepción, which since then has been known as "Plaza de la Independencia". Until the moment of independence, the city had been the scene of <a href="Battle_of_Concepci%C3%B3n%2C_Chile_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Concepción, Chile (disambiguation)">various engagements</a> in its old and new settlements.

</p><p>On February 20, 1835, the town again was largely destroyed by <a href="1835_Concepci%C3%B3n_earthquake" title="1835 Concepción earthquake">an earthquake</a> and had to be rebuilt.

</p><p>By 1875, a key British community and German colony existed within the province. By 1895, there was an even larger Spanish presence.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The <a href="Universidad_de_Concepci%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidad de Concepción">Universidad de Concepción</a>, founded in 1919, became the first secular private university in Chile. The neighboring harbor of Talcahuano is the site of the largest naval base in Chile.

</p><p>On February 27, 2010, an <a href="2010_Chile_earthquake" title="2010 Chile earthquake">8.8 magnitude earthquake</a> struck the city of Concepción, killing more than 521 people and injuring thousands nationwide. Following the earthquake, geologists relying on global positioning satellite (GPS) data concluded that the city had been displaced roughly 3 meters (9.8 feet) to the west as a result of the event.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The tsunami that followed missed the city.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>After the <a href="2010_Chile_earthquake" title="2010 Chile earthquake">2010 Chile earthquake</a>, a <a href="Prison_riot" title="Prison riot">prison riot</a> began in Concepción's <a href="El_Manzano_(prison)" title="El Manzano (prison)">El Manzano</a> prison following a failed escape attempt by the inmates. Different parts of the prison were set on fire and the riot was controlled only after the guards shot into the air and received help from military units.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of March 5, 2010, a Peruvian field hospital has been deployed to the city.<sup id="cite_ref-UKPA-2010-03-06_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UKPA-2010-03-06-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Seismology">Seismology</h2></div>

<p>Like most of the Chilean territory, the Concepción region is <a href="Seismology" title="Seismology">seismically active</a>, with much of Concepción destroyed by a violent <a href="1939_Chill%C3%A1n_earthquake" title="1939 Chillán earthquake">earthquake in 1939</a>. An <a href="1953_Concepci%C3%B3n_earthquake" title="1953 Concepción earthquake">earthquake in 1953</a> damaged 15% of the town's buildings. Another major <a href="1960_Concepci%C3%B3n_earthquake" class="mw-redirect" title="1960 Concepción earthquake">earthquake in 1960</a> had a nearby epicenter.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>On February 27, 2010, <a href="2010_Chile_earthquake" title="2010 Chile earthquake">a magnitude 8.8 earthquake</a> struck at 35.846°S, 72.719°W, 115 km (71 mi) NNE of the city. The United States Geological Survey said the earthquake struck at 0334 GMT on Saturday at a depth of 35 km (22 mi). The effects were felt as far away as <a href="S%C3%A3o_Paulo" title="São Paulo">São Paulo</a>, Brazil—4,620 kilometres (2,870 mi) away.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2></div>

<p>Concepción is known as "the university city"<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> thanks to the numerous universities within the urban agglomeration,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> such as the <a href="Universidad_de_Concepci%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidad de Concepción">Universidad de Concepción</a>, <a href="Universidad_Cat%C3%B3lica_de_la_Sant%C3%ADsima_Concepci%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción">Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción</a> and <a href="Universidad_del_Biob%C3%ADo" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidad del Biobío">Universidad del Biobío</a>. This city also has numerous headquarters for many other universities. In addition, this metropolis has a large educational offer, focused on institutes, centers of technical formation and the universities aforementioned.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Universities">Universities</h3></div>

<p>The University Pencopolitana whose name was <b>Pontificia Universidad Pencopolitana de La Concepción</b> (Pontifical Pencopolitana University of The Conception) was an old university founded through a decree of the Bishop of Concepción, delivered to the administration of the <a href="Society_of_Jesus" class="mw-redirect" title="Society of Jesus">Society of Jesus</a> which functioned between the years 1724 and 1767. On May 24, 1751, an <a href="1751_Concepci%C3%B3n_earthquake" title="1751 Concepción earthquake">earthquake</a> followed by a <a href="Tsunami" title="Tsunami">tsunami</a>, ravaged the city causing serious damage, including the destruction of the library of the university and all of its funds. As a product of the fury of the waters, a rich collection of texts of the governance of southern Chile were lost, which resulted in a disaster for the culture and collective memory of the city. Due to the natural disasters, it was decided to relocate the city to the called <a href="Valle_de_la_Mocha" title="Valle de la Mocha">Valle de la Mocha</a>, location where it is currently situated. Slowly the seminary was revived in the new location, in a period of decline in academic activity in Chilean monastic universities after the creation of the <a href="Universidad_de_San_Felipe" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidad de San Felipe">Universidad de San Felipe</a>, yet some degrees continued to be granted before the <a href="Suppression_of_the_Society_of_Jesus" title="Suppression of the Society of Jesus">Suppression of the Society of Jesus</a> in 1767.

The aforementioned University is considered to be the natural and legitimate predecessor of the <a href="Universidad_Cat%C3%B3lica_de_la_Sant%C3%ADsima_Concepci%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción">Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción</a> (UCSC), erected by the Archbishop of Concepción in 1991, from the <a href="Talcahuano" title="Talcahuano">Talcahuano</a> Regional Headquarters of the <a href="Pontificia_Universidad_Cat%C3%B3lica_de_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile">Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile</a>.

</p><p>The image of the Pontifical University of Concepción Pencopolitana, is still valid, for His Majesty <a href="Juan_Carlos_I_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Juan Carlos I of Spain">King Juan Carlos I of Spain</a> in his 1990 speech on the occasion of his inauguration as Doctor Honoris Causa in the <a href="University_of_Chile" title="University of Chile">University of Chile</a>, in Santiago de Chile, said: "The work of the Pontifical University Pencopolitana should not be ignored, even before the creation of the University of San Felipe" (Juan Carlos's account fails to acknowledge the existence of San Felipe's predecessor, the Dominican Universidad de Santo Tomás de Aquino, from the sixteenth century in Santiago).

</p><p>Meanwhile, the University of Chile allowed schools in the city to teach courses in law which allowed men to obtain a law degree. Among its students was Henry Urrutia Manzano, who decades later became president of the Supreme Court of Chile.

</p><p>The <a href="Universidad_de_Concepci%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidad de Concepción">Universidad de Concepción</a> was created in 1919 by a group of citizens including <a href="Enrique_Molina_Garmendia" title="Enrique Molina Garmendia">Enrique Molina Garmendia</a>, its first rector.

</p><p>Eventually, the university began to receive state support, becoming part of the <a href="Chilean_Traditional_Universities" title="Chilean Traditional Universities">traditional universities</a>, becoming one of the three most important universities in the country, and the most important at the regional level.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Traditional_universities">Traditional universities</h4></div>

<ul><li><a href="Universidad_de_Concepci%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidad de Concepción">Universidad de Concepción</a></li>

<li><a href="Universidad_del_B%C3%ADo-B%C3%ADo" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidad del Bío-Bío">Universidad del Bío-Bío</a></li>

<li><a href="Universidad_Cat%C3%B3lica_de_la_Sant%C3%ADsima_Concepci%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción">Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción</a></li>

<li><a href="Universidad_T%C3%A9cnica_Federico_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María">Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Private_universities">Private universities</h4></div>

<ul><li><a href="Universidad_del_Desarrollo" title="Universidad del Desarrollo">Universidad del Desarrollo</a></li>

<li><a href="Universidad_Andr%C3%A9s_Bello" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidad Andrés Bello">Universidad Andrés Bello</a></li>

<li>Universidad Arcis</li>

<li><a href="Universidad_San_Sebasti%C3%A1n" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidad San Sebastián">Universidad San Sebastián</a></li>

<li>Universidad Santo Tomás</li>

<li><a href="University_of_the_Pacific_(Chile)" title="University of the Pacific (Chile)">University of the Pacific (Chile)</a></li>

<li><a href="Universidad_de_las_Am%C3%A9ricas_(Chile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidad de las Américas (Chile)">Universidad de Las Américas</a></li>

<li><a href="Universidad_Bolivariana" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidad Bolivariana">Universidad Bolivariana</a></li>

<li>Universidad Pedro de Valdivia</li>

<li>Universidad La República</li>

<li>Universidad de Aconcagua</li>

<li><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inacap" class="extiw external" title="es:Inacap">Universidad Tecnológica de Chile INACAP</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Professional_institutes">Professional institutes</h3></div>

<ul><li>Instituto Profesional DuocUC, of the <a href="Pontificia_Universidad_Cat%C3%B3lica_de_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile">Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile</a></li>

<li>Instituto Profesional Virginio Gómez, of the <a href="Universidad_de_Concepci%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidad de Concepción">Universidad de Concepción</a></li>

<li>Instituto Tecnológico, of the <a href="Universidad_Cat%C3%B3lica_de_la_Sant%C3%ADsima_Concepci%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción">Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción</a></li>

<li>Instituto Profesional Santo Tomás, of the Universidad Santo Tomás</li>

<li>Instituto Profesional AIEP, of the <a href="Universidad_Andr%C3%A9s_Bello" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidad Andrés Bello">Universidad Andrés Bello</a></li>

<li>Instituto Profesional La Araucana</li>

<li>Instituto Profesional Providencia</li>

<li>Instituto de Estudios Bancarios Guillermo Subercaseaux</li>

<li>Instituto Profesional Diego Portales</li>

<li>Instituto Profesional Crecic</li>

<li>Instituto Profesional Placex</li>

<li><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inacap" class="extiw external" title="es:Inacap">Instituto Profesional INACAP</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Primary_and_secondary_schools">Primary and secondary schools</h3></div>

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<p>The city has a French international school, the <i><a href="Lyc%C3%A9e_Fran%C3%A7ais_Charles_de_Gaulle_(Chile)" title="Lycée Français Charles de Gaulle (Chile)">Lycée Français Charles de Gaulle</a></i> and a German school, the Colegio Alemán de Concepción, and two British schools, the Saint John's School and the Wessex School. The French school is located in the city downtown, the Wessex in Concepcion (nearer to Penco) and the German school and the Saint John's both in the San Pedro de la Paz area.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The defunct <a href="Concepci%C3%B3n_College_(Concepci%C3%B3n%2C_Chile)" title="Concepción College (Concepción, Chile)">Concepción College</a> was a parochial girls' day school and boarding school, established in 1878 by the <a href="Methodist_Episcopal_Church" title="Methodist Episcopal Church">Methodist Episcopal Church</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Anuario-1893_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anuario-1893-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Annual-1908_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Annual-1908-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<ul><li><a href="Liceo_Comercial_Femenino_Concepci%C3%B3n" title="Liceo Comercial Femenino Concepción">Liceo Comercial Femenino Concepción</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transportation">Transportation</h2></div>

<p>The city is served by <a href="Carriel_Sur_International_Airport" title="Carriel Sur International Airport">Carriel Sur International Airport</a> in Talcahuano. The metro area's public transportation comprises a number of bus lines that run through several avenues and streets of the communes belonging to the agglomeration, as well as the <a href="Commuter_rail" title="Commuter rail">commuter rail</a> system known as <a href="Biotr%C3%A9n" class="mw-redirect" title="Biotrén">Biotrén</a>.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Climate">Climate</h2></div>

<p>The climate of Concepción is classified as <a href="K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen:</a> <i><a href="Warm-summer_Mediterranean_climate" class="mw-redirect" title="Warm-summer Mediterranean climate">Csb</a>, <a href="Warm-summer_Mediterranean" class="mw-redirect" title="Warm-summer Mediterranean">warm summer mediterranean</a></i>, with a dry mild summer. The cool waters of the Pacific Ocean help to maintain mild temperatures throughout the year. Temperatures rarely exceed 30 °C (86 °F) or fall below 0 °C (32.0 °F). In the six-month period between May and October, the city receives approximately 83% of its total annual precipitation, which totals 1,130 mm (44 in). The wettest month since records began in 1912 was June 2000 with 565.7 millimetres (22.3 in), whilst all months from November to April have been rainless on occasions.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div>

<th colspan="14">Climate data for Concepción, Chile (<a href="Carriel_Sur_International_Airport" title="Carriel Sur International Airport">Carriel Sur International Airport</a>) 1991–2020, extremes 1966–present

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th scope="row">Month

</th>

<th scope="col">Jan

</th>

<th scope="col">Feb

</th>

<th scope="col">Mar

</th>

<th scope="col">Apr

</th>

<th scope="col">May

</th>

<th scope="col">Jun

</th>

<th scope="col">Jul

</th>

<th scope="col">Aug

</th>

<th scope="col">Sep

</th>

<th scope="col">Oct

</th>

<th scope="col">Nov

</th>

<th scope="col">Dec

</th>

<th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year

</th></tr>

<th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F)

</th>

<td style="background: #FF3200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.1<br>(93.4)

</td>

<td style="background: #FF3000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.4<br>(93.9)

</td>

<td style="background: #FF4900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.9<br>(87.6)

</td>

<td style="background: #FF6200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.2<br>(81.0)

</td>

<td style="background: #FF6C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.8<br>(78.4)

</td>

<td style="background: #FF860D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.0<br>(71.6)

</td>

<td style="background: #FF8811; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.7<br>(71.1)

</td>

<td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.0<br>(77.0)

</td>

<td style="background: #FF5700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.8<br>(83.8)

</td>

<td style="background: #FF5F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.6<br>(81.7)

</td>

<td style="background: #FF3E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.5<br>(90.5)

</td>

<td style="background: #FF3700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.4<br>(92.1)

</td>

<td style="background: #FF3000; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">34.4<br>(93.9)

</td></tr>

<th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F)

</th>

<td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.0<br>(73.4)

</td>

<td style="background: #FF8206; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.5<br>(72.5)

</td>

<td style="background: #FF8B17; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.3<br>(70.3)

</td>

<td style="background: #FF9F3F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.4<br>(65.1)

</td>

<td style="background: #FFB164; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.7<br>(60.3)

</td>

<td style="background: #FFBE7E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.8<br>(56.8)

</td>

<td style="background: #FFC285; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.3<br>(55.9)

</td>

<td style="background: #FFBD7C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.0<br>(57.2)

</td>

<td style="background: #FFB266; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.6<br>(60.1)

</td>

<td style="background: #FFA74F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.2<br>(63.0)

</td>

<td style="background: #FF9730; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.5<br>(67.1)

</td>

<td style="background: #FF8914; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.5<br>(70.7)

</td>

<td style="background: #FFA144; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">18.0<br>(64.4)

</td></tr>

<th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F)

</th>

<td style="background: #FFA851; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.1<br>(62.8)

</td>

<td style="background: #FFAA56; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.7<br>(62.1)

</td>

<td style="background: #FFB266; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.6<br>(60.1)

</td>

<td style="background: #FFC285; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.3<br>(55.9)

</td>

<td style="background: #FFCD9B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.7<br>(53.1)

</td>

<td style="background: #FFD7B0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.2<br>(50.4)

</td>

<td style="background: #FFDCBA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.5<br>(49.1)

</td>

<td style="background: #FFD9B3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.0<br>(50.0)

</td>

<td style="background: #FFD2A6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.9<br>(51.6)

</td>

<td style="background: #FFC993; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.3<br>(54.1)

</td>

<td style="background: #FFBC79; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.2<br>(57.6)

</td>

<td style="background: #FFB061; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.9<br>(60.6)

</td>

<td style="background: #FFC388; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">13.1<br>(55.6)

</td></tr>

<th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F)

</th>

<td style="background: #FFD0A2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.2<br>(52.2)

</td>

<td style="background: #FFD2A6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.9<br>(51.6)

</td>

<td style="background: #FFD9B3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.0<br>(50.0)

</td>

<td style="background: #FFE4CA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.3<br>(46.9)

</td>

<td style="background: #FFE8D2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.7<br>(45.9)

</td>

<td style="background: #FFEFE0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.7<br>(44.1)

</td>

<td style="background: #FFF6EE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.7<br>(42.3)

</td>

<td style="background: #FFF4EA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.0<br>(42.8)

</td>

<td style="background: #FFF3E7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.2<br>(43.2)

</td>

<td style="background: #FFEBD7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.4<br>(45.3)

</td>

<td style="background: #FFE1C3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.8<br>(47.8)

</td>

<td style="background: #FFD7AF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.3<br>(50.5)

</td>

<td style="background: #FFE4CA; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">8.3<br>(46.9)

</td></tr>

<th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F)

</th>

<td style="background: #FFFEFD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.6<br>(40.3)

</td>

<td style="background: #FAFAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.6<br>(38.5)

</td>

<td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.6<br>(34.9)

</td>

<td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.0<br>(30.2)

</td>

<td style="background: #DBDBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.1<br>(28.2)

</td>

<td style="background: #DADAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.2<br>(28.0)

</td>

<td style="background: #D2D2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.8<br>(25.2)

</td>

<td style="background: #D9D9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.5<br>(27.5)

</td>

<td style="background: #DFDFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.4<br>(29.5)

</td>

<td style="background: #E2E2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.8<br>(30.6)

</td>

<td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.6<br>(34.9)

</td>

<td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.4<br>(38.1)

</td>

<td style="background: #D2D2FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−3.8<br>(25.2)

</td></tr>

<th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches)

</th>

<td style="background: #F0FFF0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.9<br>(0.39)

</td>

<td style="background: #E6FFE6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.9<br>(0.59)

</td>

<td style="background: #DDFFDD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.2<br>(0.87)

</td>

<td style="background: #95FF95; color:#000000;" class="notheme">68.8<br>(2.71)

</td>

<td style="background: #1DFF1D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">151.6<br>(5.97)

</td>

<td style="background: #00A900; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">221.2<br>(8.71)

</td>

<td style="background: #04FF04; color:#000000;" class="notheme">168.1<br>(6.62)

</td>

<td style="background: #21FF21; color:#000000;" class="notheme">148.9<br>(5.86)

</td>

<td style="background: #88FF88; color:#000000;" class="notheme">77.2<br>(3.04)

</td>

<td style="background: #AFFFAF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">53.2<br>(2.09)

</td>

<td style="background: #D5FFD5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.2<br>(1.07)

</td>

<td style="background: #DFFFDF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.1<br>(0.83)

</td>

<td style="background: #82FF82; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">984.3<br>(38.75)

</td></tr>

<th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 1.0 mm)</span>

</th>

<td style="background: #F0F0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.2

</td>

<td style="background: #E7E7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.7

</td>

<td style="background: #E0E0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.5

</td>

<td style="background: #B8B8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.5

</td>

<td style="background: #8787FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.7

</td>

<td style="background: #4D4DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.9

</td>

<td style="background: #6666FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.4

</td>

<td style="background: #7171FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.5

</td>

<td style="background: #A3A3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.2

</td>

<td style="background: #B6B6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.9

</td>

<td style="background: #CDCDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.9

</td>

<td style="background: #DEDEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.6

</td>

<td style="background: #ADADFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">78.0

</td></tr>

<th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%)

</th>

<td style="background: #0000E2; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">74

</td>

<td style="background: #0000DB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">76

</td>

<td style="background: #0000CF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">79

</td>

<td style="background: #0000C0; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">83

</td>

<td style="background: #0000B1; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">87

</td>

<td style="background: #0000B1; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">87

</td>

<td style="background: #0000B8; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">85

</td>

<td style="background: #0000C0; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">83

</td>

<td style="background: #0000C8; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">81

</td>

<td style="background: #0000CF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">79

</td>

<td style="background: #0000D7; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">77

</td>

<td style="background: #0000DF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">75

</td>

<td style="background: #0000C8; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">81

</td></tr>

<th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a>

</th>

<td style="background: #F4F41A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">327.6

</td>

<td style="background: #F0F00F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">279.3

</td>

<td style="background: #E3E300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">252.3

</td>

<td style="background: #D5D500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">185.4

</td>

<td style="background: #BBBB41; color:#000000;" class="notheme">131.0

</td>

<td style="background: #B4B46B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">111.9

</td>

<td style="background: #BCBC3A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">133.6

</td>

<td style="background: #C6C601; color:#000000;" class="notheme">154.3

</td>

<td style="background: #D8D800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">196.2

</td>

<td style="background: #E1E100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">244.6

</td>

<td style="background: #EDED09; color:#000000;" class="notheme">286.2

</td>

<td style="background: #F2F214; color:#000000;" class="notheme">317.0

</td>

<td style="background: #DCDC00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,619.4

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: Dirección Meteorológica de Chile<sup id="cite_ref-climatenormals_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-climatenormals-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-records_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-records-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DMC_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DMC-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: <a href="NOAA" class="mw-redirect" title="NOAA">NOAA</a> (precipitation days 1991–2020)<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</td></tr></tbody></table>

</div>

<p>As might be expected for such a large urban area heavily dependent on wood-burning for heat and diesel for transport, the air in Concepción is third-most polluted in Chile, after Santiago and <a href="Temuco" title="Temuco">Temuco</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2></div>

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</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Per annum growth rate" class="abbr-header">±% p.a.</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1970 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">161,006</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1982 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">267,891</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+4.33%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1992 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">326,784</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+2.01%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2002 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">216,061</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−4.05%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2017 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">223,574</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.23%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">Source: 1970–1992,<sup id="cite_ref-cenanti_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cenanti-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 2002,<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated2_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated2-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 2017<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table>

<p>According to data collected in 2002 in the Census of the <a href="National_Institute_of_Statistics_(Chile)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Institute of Statistics (Chile)">National Institute of Statistics</a>, the township has an area of 221.6 km<sup>2</sup> (86 sq mi) and a population of 216,061 inhabitants, of whom 103,860 are men and 112,201 are women.

</p><p>As a commune, Concepcion is home to 14.35% of the total population of the region. 1.88% (4,058 persons) is for the rural population and 98.12% (212,003) for the urban population. Moreover, 5.5% of the country's population lives in the Greater Concepción metro area.

</p><p>Between 1970 and 1982 there is a large increase in the population. One reason is the inclusion of <a href="San_Pedro_de_la_Paz" title="San Pedro de la Paz">San Pedro</a>, segregated from the municipality of <a href="Coronel%2C_Chile" title="Coronel, Chile">Coronel</a>.

</p><p>The Concepción commune population sharply declined in 1996 as its territory was divided, creating <a href="Chiguayante" title="Chiguayante">Chiguayante</a> and <a href="San_Pedro_de_la_Paz" title="San Pedro de la Paz">San Pedro de la Paz</a>. The number of people living in these communes has grown quickly since they have become <a href="Bedroom_communities" class="mw-redirect" title="Bedroom communities">bedroom communities</a> of <i>Concepción</i>, i.e. residential cities that do not have a center with many shops, as is the case of Concepcion.

</p><p>There is a significant percentage of foreign residents in the city, the most numerous are the Spanish, Italian and US expatriate communities. There are also smaller segments of German, French, British, <a href="Dutch_people" title="Dutch people">Dutch</a>, <a href="Greek_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek people">Greek</a>, <a href="Portuguese_people" title="Portuguese people">Portuguese</a>, <a href="Croats" title="Croats">Croatian</a>, Scandinavian, <a href="Arab" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab">Arab</a> and Australian descendants in a city settled by waves of immigration.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultural_life">Cultural life</h2></div>

<p>To an outsider, there may be confusion between the <a href="Demonym" title="Demonym">demonyms</a> of the inhabitants of Concepción and the nearby city of Penco. Due to the previous location of Concepción being where Penco currently stands, inhabitants of Concepción are called <i>penquistas</i> while inhabitants of Penco are known as <i>pencones</i>. Additionally, the unofficial term <i>pencopolitano</i> has been coined to refer to locals of any commune belonging to the <a href="Greater_Concepci%C3%B3n" title="Greater Concepción">metropolis</a> or, in a wider definition, to the <a href="Concepcion_Province%2C_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="Concepcion Province, Chile">Concepción province</a>, although the term penquista can technically be used in this case as well.

</p>

<p>In 2014, the <i>Rock en Conce</i> festival began to take shape. It would be held outdoors, in the city's <i>Parque Bicentenario</i> (Bicentennial Park), and access to it would be free. The aim of the festival would be to restore the musical spotlight that the city embodied and that earned it the reputation of being the <i>cradle of Chilean rock</i> and, at the same time, to establish itself as a major tourist attraction for the city.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its first edition took place on Saturday, March 7, 2015, and since then it has been held with great success every year at the end of each summer, bringing together emerging local bands with major and renowned artists from the national and international scene.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music">Music</h3></div>

<p>Concepción has been described as the "Chilean capital of rock",<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> since numerous bands of this <a href="Rock_music" title="Rock music">genre</a> have started their careers in the city, such as <a href="Los_Tres" title="Los Tres">Los Tres</a>, <a href="Los_Bunkers" title="Los Bunkers">Los Bunkers</a>, Emociones Clandestinas, Santos Dumont, <a href="De_Saloon" title="De Saloon">De Saloon</a>, Machuca and Julius Popper, among others. Numerous bands have played their first major concerts in the city, such as <a href="Los_Prisioneros" title="Los Prisioneros">Los Prisioneros</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The city's music venues are a main feature of the <a href="Scenic_route" title="Scenic route">tourist route</a>, <i>La Ruta de la Música</i>, a project driven by the National Service of Tourism (SERNATUR), where besides the rock scene, the local jazz and folk scenes are also shown.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports">Sports</h2></div>

<p>Concepción was one of the host cities of the official <a href="1959_Basketball_World_Cup" class="mw-redirect" title="1959 Basketball World Cup">1959 Basketball World Cup</a>, where <a href="Chile_national_basketball_team" class="mw-redirect" title="Chile national basketball team">Chile</a> won the bronze medal.

</p><p>Today, Concepción is home to three professional <a href="Association_football" title="Association football">football</a> teams:

</p>

<ul><li><a href="Club_Deportivo_Universidad_de_Concepci%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Club Deportivo Universidad de Concepción">Club Deportivo Universidad de Concepción</a>, currently in the <a href="Chilean_Primera_Divisi%C3%B3n" title="Chilean Primera División">Primera División</a></li>

<li><a href="Club_Deportivo_Ferroviario_Almirante_Arturo_Fern%C3%A1ndez_Vial" class="mw-redirect" title="Club Deportivo Ferroviario Almirante Arturo Fernández Vial">Club Deportivo Ferroviario Almirante Arturo Fernández Vial</a>, currently, in the Chilean second division</li>

<li><a href="Deportes_Concepci%C3%B3n_(Chile)" title="Deportes Concepción (Chile)">Club de Deportes Concepción</a>, currently in the Chilean third division.</li></ul>

<p>The most notable professional <a href="Basketball" title="Basketball">basketball</a> team is:

</p>

<ul><li><a href="C.D._Universidad_de_Concepci%C3%B3n_B%C3%A1squetbol" class="mw-redirect" title="C.D. Universidad de Concepción Básquetbol">C.D. Universidad de Concepción</a>, currently in the <a href="Liga_Nacional_de_B%C3%A1squetbol_de_Chile" title="Liga Nacional de Básquetbol de Chile">Liga Nacional de Básquetbol de Chile</a>.</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2></div>

<p>Historically characterized by a strong manufacturing industry, Concepción has also been a major center for distribution and services and the financial basis of the regional economy.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Commerce">Commerce</h3></div>

<p>Trade in the city is concentrated in the <i>Plaza Independencia</i> (Independence Square), the pedestrian street <i>Alonso de Ercilla y Zúñiga</i> (built in 1981), and along the major avenues. One such avenue is the <i>Diego Barros Arana</i> street which has developed into the commercial center of the city and the region was until 1907 even known as "<i>calle Comercio</i>" ("Commerce Street"). New commercial centers are being developed around the old central station and the new civic district as a part of the Chilean bicentennial (September 18, 2010). A considerable percentage of local trade is taking place in settlements around the city, in communes such as <a href="Hualp%C3%A9n" title="Hualpén">Hualpén</a>, <a href="Talcahuano" title="Talcahuano">Talcahuano</a> and <a href="San_Pedro_de_la_Paz" title="San Pedro de la Paz">San Pedro de la Paz</a>, where there are bustling shopping centers, such as Mall Plaza del Trébol, and where there is a constant commercial development.

</p><p>Other commercial spots, related to food, are the Vega Monumental and <a href="Central_market_of_Concepci%C3%B3n%2C_Chile" title="Central market of Concepción, Chile">Mercado Central de Concepción</a> (Central Market of Concepción) places offering various services and agricultural and livestock products.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administration">Administration</h2></div>

<p>As a <a href="Communes_of_Chile" title="Communes of Chile">commune</a>, Concepción is a third-level <a href="Administrative_division_of_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="Administrative division of Chile">administrative division of Chile</a> administered by a <a href="Municipal_council" title="Municipal council">municipal council</a>, headed by an <a href="Alcalde" title="Alcalde">alcalde</a> who is directly elected every four years. The 2016–2020 mayor was Álvaro Ortiz Vera (<a href="Christian_Democratic_Party_(Chile)" title="Christian Democratic Party (Chile)">Christian Democratic Party</a>), who was first elected in 2012. The communal council has 10 seats, which are currently occupied (2016–2020) by three for <a href="Christian_Democratic_Party_(Chile)" title="Christian Democratic Party (Chile)">Christian Democratic Party</a>, two for <a href="National_Renewal_(Chile)" title="National Renewal (Chile)">National Renewal</a>, two for <a href="Independent_Democrat_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent Democrat Union">Independent Democrat Union</a>, one for <a href="Communist_Party_of_Chile" title="Communist Party of Chile">Communist Party</a>, one for <a href="Socialist_Party_of_Chile" title="Socialist Party of Chile">Socialist Party</a>, and one for <a href="Social_Democrat_Radical_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Social Democrat Radical Party">Radical Party</a>. The following members are:<sup id="cite_ref-Official_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Official-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<th>Seats</th>

<th>Councillor</th>

<th>Party

</th></tr>

<tr>

<td>Fabiola Troncoso Alvarado</td>

<td bgcolor="#0061A7">Christian Democratic

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Yanina Contreras Álvarez</td>

<td bgcolor="#024E9A" style="color:#FFFFFF;">National Renewal

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Jaime Monjes Farias</td>

<td bgcolor="#0061A7">Christian Democratic

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Emilio Armstrong Delpin</td>

<td bgcolor="#29398A" style="color:#FFFFFF;">I.D.U.

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Christian Paulsen Espejo-Pando</td>

<td bgcolor="#29398A" style="color:#FFFFFF;">I.D.U.

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Joaquin Eguiluz Herrera</td>

<td bgcolor="#024E9A" style="color:#FFFFFF;">National Renewal

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Alex Iturra Jara</td>

<td bgcolor="#B22222" style="color:#FFFFFF;">Communist

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Boris Negrete Canales</td>

<td bgcolor="#0061A7">Christian Democratic

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Patricia Garcia Mora</td>

<td bgcolor="#CE0021">Socialist

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Ricardo Trostel Provoste</td>

<td bgcolor="#CD5C5C">Radical

</td></tr></tbody></table>

<p>Within the <a href="Electoral_divisions_of_Chile" title="Electoral divisions of Chile">electoral divisions of Chile</a>, Concepción is represented in the <a href="Chamber_of_Deputies_of_Chile" title="Chamber of Deputies of Chile">Chamber of Deputies</a> by Gaston Saavedra (<a href="Socialist_Party_of_Chile" title="Socialist Party of Chile">PS</a>), José Miguel Ortiz (<a href="Christian_Democratic_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian Democratic Party">PDC</a>), Jaime Toha (PS), Felix Gonzalez (<a href="Green_Ecologist_Party_(Chile)" title="Green Ecologist Party (Chile)">PEV</a>), <a href="Enrique_van_Rysselberghe_Herrera" title="Enrique van Rysselberghe Herrera">Enrique Van Rysselberghe</a> (UDI), Sergio Bobadilla (UDI), <a href="Francesca_Mu%C3%B1oz" title="Francesca Muñoz">Francesca Muñoz</a> (RN) and Leonidas Romero (RN), as part of the 21st electoral district (<a href="Concepci%C3%B3n_Province%2C_Chile" title="Concepción Province, Chile">Concepción Province</a> without <a href="Lota%2C_Chile" title="Lota, Chile">Lota</a>). The commune is represented in the <a href="Senate_of_Chile" title="Senate of Chile">Senate</a> by Alejandro Navarro Brain (<a href="Broad_Social_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Broad Social Movement">MAS</a>) and Jacqueline Van Rysselberghe (UDI) as part of the 12th senatorial constituency (Biobío-Costa).

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_citizens">Notable citizens</h2></div>

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<ul><li><a href="Marlene_Ahrens" title="Marlene Ahrens">Marlene Ahrens</a>, athlete (1933–2020)</li>

<li><a href="Santiago_Manuel_de_Alday_y_Asp%C3%A9e" title="Santiago Manuel de Alday y Aspée">Santiago Manuel de Alday y Aspée</a>, <a href="Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Santiago_de_Chile" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Santiago de Chile">Bishop of Santiago</a> between 1755 and 1788 (1712–1789)</li>

<li><a href="Patricio_Almendra" title="Patricio Almendra">Patricio Almendra</a>, footballer (b. 1977)</li>

<li><a href="Luis_Altamirano" title="Luis Altamirano">Luis Altamirano</a>, President of the <a href="Government_Junta_of_Chile_(1924)" title="Government Junta of Chile (1924)">1924 Government Junta of Chile</a> (1867–1938)</li>

<li><a href="Graciela_Araya" title="Graciela Araya">Graciela Araya</a>, opera singer (b. 1962)</li>

<li><a href="Miguel_Ardiman" title="Miguel Ardiman">Miguel Ardiman</a>, footballer (b. 1967)</li>

<li><a href="Enrique_Soro_Barriga" title="Enrique Soro Barriga">Enrique Soro Barriga</a>, composer (1884–1954)</li>

<li><a href="Diego_Jos%C3%A9_Benavente" title="Diego José Benavente">Diego José Benavente</a>, <a href="President_of_the_Senate_of_Chile" title="President of the Senate of Chile">President of the Senate of Chile</a> (1790–1867)</li>

<li><a href="Manuel_Bulnes" title="Manuel Bulnes">Manuel Bulnes</a>, <a href="President_of_Chile" title="President of Chile">President of Chile</a> between 1841 and 1851 (1799–1866)</li>

<li><a href="Roberto_Cartes" title="Roberto Cartes">Roberto Cartes</a>, footballer (b. 1972)</li>

<li><a href="Arturo_del_Castillo" title="Arturo del Castillo">Arturo del Castillo</a>, comic book artist (1925–1992)</li>

<li><a href="B%C3%A9lgica_Castro" title="Bélgica Castro">Bélgica Castro</a>, actress (1921–2020)</li>

<li><a href="Delfina_de_la_Cruz" title="Delfina de la Cruz">Delfina de la Cruz</a>, pianist and <a href="First_Lady_of_Chile" title="First Lady of Chile">First Lady of Chile</a> (1837–1905)</li>

<li><a href="Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_de_la_Cruz" title="José María de la Cruz">José María de la Cruz</a>, soldier (1799–1875)</li>

<li><a href="De_Saloon" title="De Saloon">De Saloon</a>, pop and rock band</li>

<li><a href="Francisco_Encina" title="Francisco Encina">Francisco Encina</a>, <a href="President_of_the_Chamber_of_Deputies_of_Chile" title="President of the Chamber of Deputies of Chile">President of the Chamber of Deputies of Chile</a> (b. 1943)</li>

<li><a href="Edgardo_Enr%C3%ADquez" title="Edgardo Enríquez">Edgardo Enríquez</a>, <a href="Ministry_of_Education_(Chile)" title="Ministry of Education (Chile)">Minister of Education of Chile</a> (1912–1996)</li>

<li><a href="Miguel_Enr%C3%ADquez_(politician)" title="Miguel Enríquez (politician)">Miguel Enríquez</a>, physician and politician (1944–1974)</li>

<li><a href="Luis_Pedro_Figueroa" title="Luis Pedro Figueroa">Luis Pedro Figueroa</a>, footballer (b. 1983)</li>

<li><a href="Alfredo_France" title="Alfredo France">Alfredo France</a>, footballer (1895–1938)</li>

<li><a href="Adri%C3%A1n_Garc%C3%ADa_(tennis)" title="Adrián García (tennis)">Adrián García</a>, tennis player (b. 1978)</li>

<li><a href="Enrique_Molina_Garmendia" title="Enrique Molina Garmendia">Enrique Molina Garmendia</a>, founder of the University of Concepción, one of the top universities in Chile (1871–1964)</li>

<li><a href="Gonzalo_Garrido" title="Gonzalo Garrido">Gonzalo Garrido</a>, road bicycle racer (b. 1973)</li>

<li><a href="Jos%C3%A9_Go%C3%B1i" title="José Goñi">José Goñi</a>, <a href="Ministry_of_National_Defense_(Chile)" title="Ministry of National Defense (Chile)">Minister of National Defense of Chile</a> (b. 1948)</li>

<li><a href="Osvaldo_Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="Osvaldo González">Osvaldo González</a>, footballer (b. 1984)</li>

<li><a href="Viviana_Guzm%C3%A1n" title="Viviana Guzmán">Viviana Guzmán</a>, flutist and composer (b. 1964)</li>

<li><a href="Isidora_Jim%C3%A9nez" title="Isidora Jiménez">Isidora Jiménez</a>, athlete (b. 1993)</li>

<li><a href="Klaus_Junge" title="Klaus Junge">Klaus Junge</a>, chess master (1924–1945)</li>

<li><a href="Los_Bunkers" title="Los Bunkers">Los Bunkers</a>, alternative rock band</li>

<li><a href="Ignacio_Urrutia_Manzano" title="Ignacio Urrutia Manzano">Ignacio Urrutia Manzano</a>, politician (1879–1951)</li>

<li><a href="Armando_Navarrete_Navarrete" class="mw-redirect" title="Armando Navarrete Navarrete">Mandolino</a>, singer and comedian (1934–2014)</li>

<li><a href="Adelqui_Migliar" title="Adelqui Migliar">Adelqui Migliar</a>, film actor, director, writer and producer (1891–1956)</li>

<li><a href="Carla_Mu%C3%B1oz" title="Carla Muñoz">Carla Muñoz</a>, racquetball player (b. 1992)</li>

<li><a href="Tom%C3%A1s_Pablo_Elorza" title="Tomás Pablo Elorza">Tomás Pablo Elorza</a>, President of the Senate of Chile (1921–1999)</li>

<li><a href="Rodrigo_Pe%C3%B1ailillo" title="Rodrigo Peñailillo">Rodrigo Peñailillo</a>, <a href="Ministry_of_the_Interior_and_Public_Security_(Chile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of the Interior and Public Security (Chile)">Minister of the Interior of Chile</a> (b. 1973)</li>

<li><a href="Pepo_(cartoonist)" title="Pepo (cartoonist)">Pepo</a>, cartoonist (1911–2000)</li>

<li><a href="Jos%C3%A9_Joaqu%C3%ADn_Prieto" class="mw-redirect" title="José Joaquín Prieto">José Joaquín Prieto</a>, President of Chile between 1831 and 1841 (1786–1854)</li>

<li><a href="Raimundo_Rebolledo" title="Raimundo Rebolledo">Raimundo Rebolledo</a>, footballer (b. 1997)</li>

<li><a href="Cristi%C3%A1n_Reyes" title="Cristián Reyes">Cristián Reyes</a>, sprinter (b. 1986)</li>

<li><a href="Ximena_Rinc%C3%B3n" title="Ximena Rincón">Ximena Rincón</a>, President of the Senate of Chile (b. 1968)</li>

<li><a href="Arturo_Sanhueza" title="Arturo Sanhueza">Arturo Sanhueza</a>, footballer (b. 1979)</li>

<li><a href="Waldo_Sanhueza" title="Waldo Sanhueza">Waldo Sanhueza</a>, football manager and president of <a href="Colo-Colo" title="Colo-Colo">Colo-Colo</a> (1900–1966)</li>

<li><a href="Jos%C3%A9_A._Santos" title="José A. Santos">José A. Santos</a>, retired American jockey (b. 1961)</li>

<li><a href="Ren%C3%A9_Schneider" title="René Schneider">René Schneider</a>, <a href="List_of_commanders-in-chief_of_the_Chilean_Army" title="List of commanders-in-chief of the Chilean Army">commander-in-chief of the Chilean Army</a> (1913–1970)</li>

<li><a href="Sebasti%C3%A1n_Sep%C3%BAlveda" title="Sebastián Sepúlveda">Sebastián Sepúlveda</a>, screenwriter, film producer and director (b. 1972)</li>

<li><a href="Ricardo_Soto" title="Ricardo Soto">Ricardo Soto</a>, recurve archer (b. 1999)</li>

<li><a href="Cristi%C3%A1n_Uribe" title="Cristián Uribe">Cristián Uribe</a>, footballer (b. 1976)</li>

<li><a href="Jos%C3%A9_Francisco_Urrejola" title="José Francisco Urrejola">José Francisco Urrejola</a>, President of the Senate of Chile (1911–2004)</li>

<li><a href="Ignacio_Urrutia_Manzano" title="Ignacio Urrutia Manzano">Ignacio Urrutia Manzano</a>, President of the Senate of Chile (1879–1951)</li>

<li><a href="Ren%C3%A9_Valenzuela" title="René Valenzuela">René Valenzuela</a>, footballer (b. 1955)</li>

<li><a href="Paulina_Veloso" title="Paulina Veloso">Paulina Veloso</a>, lawyer and <a href="Socialist_Party_of_Chile" title="Socialist Party of Chile">Socialist Party</a> politician (b. 1957)</li>

<li><a href="Luis_Vera_(Chilean_footballer)" title="Luis Vera (Chilean footballer)">Luis Vera</a>, footballer (1929–2014)</li>

<li><a href="Juan_de_Dios_Vial_del_R%C3%ADo" title="Juan de Dios Vial del Río">Juan de Dios Vial del Río</a>, President of the Senate of Chile (1774–1850)</li>

<li><a href="Gustavo_Viveros" title="Gustavo Viveros">Gustavo Viveros</a>, footballer (b. 1947)</li>

<li><a href="Elena_Waiss" title="Elena Waiss">Elena Waiss</a>, pianist (1908–1988)</li>

<li><a href="An%C3%ADbal_Za%C3%B1artu" title="Aníbal Zañartu">Aníbal Zañartu</a>, politician (1847–1902)</li>

<li><a href="Miguel_de_Za%C3%B1artu" title="Miguel de Zañartu">Miguel de Zañartu</a>, lawyer and politician, signatory of the <a href="Chilean_Declaration_of_Independence" title="Chilean Declaration of Independence">Chilean Declaration of Independence</a> (1786–1851)</li></ul></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2></div>

<div class="gallerytext">Arch of the Faculty of Medicine University of Concepción</div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext">Caja Los Andes Building in downtown Concepción</div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext">The hotel Araucano of Concepción in the center of the city</div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext">View of Ecuador Park, on the slopes of Cerro Caracol</div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext">The <a href="Cathedral_of_the_Most_Holy_Conception%2C_Chile" title="Cathedral of the Most Holy Conception, Chile">Concepción Cathedral</a> from the Plaza de la Independencia </div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext">Palace of the Court of Appeals of Concepción</div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext">The avenue O'Higgins</div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext">Casa de Pedro del Río</div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext">Buildings in Concepción</div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext">Spanish Center</div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext">Civic center</div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="Presencia_de_Am%C3%A9rica_Latina" title="Presencia de América Latina">Presencia de América Latina</a></i>, mural declared national monument of Chile</div>

</li>

</ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_events">Notable events</h2></div>

<p>A 23 year old <a href="Chileans" title="Chileans">Chilean</a> forestry student named <a href="List_of_solved_missing_person_cases" class="mw-redirect" title="List of solved missing person cases">Jorge Matute</a> disappeared mysteriously in a discotheque that was located close to Concepción on 20 November 1999. In February 2004 on a road in <a href="Santa_Juana" title="Santa Juana">Santa Juana</a>, Matute's remains were found and identified.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Twin_towns_–_sister_cities">Twin towns – sister cities</h2></div>

<p>Concepción's <a href="Sister_city" title="Sister city">sister cities</a> are:

</p>

<ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="Palestine" title="Palestine"></a></span></span> <a href="Bethlehem" title="Bethlehem">Bethlehem</a>, Palestine (2006)<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>

<li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="Brazil" title="Brazil"></a></span></span> <a href="Campinas" title="Campinas">Campinas</a>, Brasil (1979)<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>

<li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="Brazil" title="Brazil"></a></span></span> <a href="Cascavel" title="Cascavel">Cascavel</a>, Brazil (2006)<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>

<li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="Ecuador" title="Ecuador"></a></span></span> <a href="Guayaquil" title="Guayaquil">Guayaquil</a>, Ecuador (2006)<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>

<li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="Colombia" title="Colombia"></a></span></span> <a href="Medell%C3%ADn" title="Medellín">Medellín</a>, Colombia (1998)<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>

<li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="Mexico" title="Mexico"></a></span></span> <a href="Monterrey" title="Monterrey">Monterrey</a>, Mexico (1997)<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>

<li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="China" title="China"></a></span></span> <a href="Nanjing" title="Nanjing">Nanjing</a>, China (2018)<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>

<li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="Argentina" title="Argentina"></a></span></span> <a href="La_Plata" title="La Plata">La Plata</a>, Argentina (1993)<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>

<li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="Argentina" title="Argentina"></a></span></span> <a href="San_Miguel_de_Tucum%C3%A1n" title="San Miguel de Tucumán">San Miguel de Tucumán</a>, Argentina (2013)<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>

<li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="China" title="China"></a></span></span> <a href="Wuhan" title="Wuhan">Wuhan</a>, China (2014)<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>

</div>

<ul><li><a href="Greater_Concepci%C3%B3n" title="Greater Concepción">Greater Concepción</a></li>

<li><a href="Biob%C3%ADo_Region" title="Biobío Region">Biobío Region</a></li>

<li><a href="Santa_Juana%2C_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="Santa Juana, Chile">Santa Juana</a></li>

<li><a href="Florida%2C_Chile" title="Florida, Chile">Florida</a></li>

<li><a href="Dichato" title="Dichato">Dichato</a></li>

<li><a href="Biob%C3%ADo_River" title="Biobío River">Biobío River</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3></div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

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<li id="cite_note-records-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-records_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://climatologia.meteochile.gob.cl/application/historico/temperaturaHistoricaAnual/360019">"Temperatura Histórica de la Estación Carriel Sur, Concepción. (360019)"</a> (in Spanish). Dirección Meteorológica de Chile. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230523170910/https://climatologia.meteochile.gob.cl/application/historico/temperaturaHistoricaAnual/360019">Archived</a> from the original on May 23, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 23,</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-DMC-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DMC_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303180012/http://164.77.222.61/climatologia/publicaciones/Estadistica_ClimatologicaII.pdf">"Estadistica Climatologica Tomo II"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Spanish). Dirección General de Aeronáutica Civil. March 2001. pp. <span class="nowrap">89–</span>161. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://164.77.222.61/climatologia/publicaciones/Estadistica_ClimatologicaII.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on March 3, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 17,</span> 2014</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230804191636/https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-3-WMO-Normals-9120/Chile/CSV/Carrielsuraeropuertoconcepcion_85682.csv">"Carriel Sur Aeropuerto Concepción Climate Normals 1991–2020"</a>. <i>World Meteorological Organization Climatological Standard Normals (1991–2020)</i>. <a href="National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration" title="National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-3-WMO-Normals-9120/Chile/CSV/Carrielsuraeropuertoconcepcion_85682.csv">the original</a> on August 4, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 4,</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.mercopress.com/2007/06/29/severe-air-pollution-plagues-chilean-cities">Severe air pollution plagues Chilean cities</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140525232346/http://en.mercopress.com/2007/06/29/severe-air-pollution-plagues-chilean-cities">Archived</a> May 25, 2014, at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Friday, June 29, 2007 – 21:00 UTC</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-cenanti-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cenanti_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">According to <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070320040225/http://www.censo2002.cl/menu_superior/ultimos/index.htm">Last 5 census</a>, the <a href="National_Institute_of_Statistics_(Chile)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Institute of Statistics (Chile)">INE</a></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-autogenerated2-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated2_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">According to Census 2002, operated by the <a href="National_Institute_of_Statistics_(Chile)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Institute of Statistics (Chile)">INE</a>. Note that the population decreased in number due to the areas that by then were no longer part of the commune.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-autogenerated1-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ine.cl/estadisticas/sociales/censos-de-poblacion-y-vivienda/poblacion-y-vivienda">2017 census</a>.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFChile2014" class="citation web cs1">Chile, Televisión Nacional de (December 31, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tvn.cl/especiales/musica/noticias/festival-rock-en-conce-ya-tiene-fecha-y-lugar-1543128">"Festival "Rock en Conce" ya tiene fecha y lugar"</a>. <i>Televisión Nacional de Chile</i>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMaría_Ignacia_Inostroza2019" class="citation web cs1">María Ignacia Inostroza (March 19, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rockandpop.cl/2019/03/fotosrp-todo-un-exito-rock-en-conce-2019/">"#FotosRP: ¡Todo un éxito Rock En Conce 2019!"</a>. <i>Rock & Pop</i>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBiobiochile.cl2018" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Biobiochile.cl (March 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biobiochile.cl/noticias/nacional/region-del-bio-bio/2018/03/01/inauguran-hito-concepcion-capital-del-rock-en-antesala-de-festival-rec-2018.shtml">"Inauguran hito "Concepción: Capital del Rock" en antesala de festival REC 2018"</a>. <i>BioBioChile - La Red de Prensa Más Grande de Chile</i> (in Spanish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 11,</span> 2020</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFRicardo_Mahnke" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ricardo Mahnke. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vimeo.com/178375701">"Concepción, ¿cuna del rock? - Documentary"</a> (in Spanish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 11,</span> 2020</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFNuestro.cl" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Nuestro.cl. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120204154854/http://www.nuestro.cl/notas/rescate/sonido_penquista1.htm">"El sorprendente sonido penquista"</a> (in Spanish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nuestro.cl/notas/rescate/sonido_penquista1.htm">the original</a> on February 4, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 20,</span> 2013</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFThisisChile.cl" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">ThisisChile.cl. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210227180021/https://www.thisischile.cl/la-ruta-de-la-musica-por-concepcion/">"La "Ruta de la Música" por Concepción"</a> (in Spanish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thisischile.cl/la-ruta-de-la-musica-por-concepcion/">the original</a> on February 27, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 11,</span> 2020</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050429045436/http://www.lanacion.cl/prontus_noticias/site/artic/20050428/pags/20050428113059.html">"Restos de Jorge Matute Johns llegaron a Concepción <i>(in Spanish)</i>"</a>. <i>La Nación</i>. April 28, 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lanacion.cl/prontus_noticias/site/artic/20050428/pags/20050428113059.html">the original</a> on April 29, 2005.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bethlehem-city.org/en/concepci%C3%B3n-english">"Concepción"</a>. <i>bethlehem-city.org</i>. Bethlehem<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 21,</span> 2021</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.campinas.sp.gov.br/governo/cooperacao_internacional/irmas/">"Cidades Irmãs"</a>. <i>campinas.sp.gov.br</i> (in Portuguese). Campinas<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 21,</span> 2021</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cronica.cl/edicion_cronica/seccion/articulo.php?id=29816&dia=1163646000">Diario Crónica: <i>Concepción y Cascavel son ciudades hermanas</i></a></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eluniverso.com.ec/web/titulares.php?seccion=fzuyEtT&codigo=8z0w6cDTri&nuevo_mes=01&nuevo_ano=2006&dias=28&noticias=2006-01-28"><i>Convenio de hermanamiento</i></a>, en El universo Guayaquil</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.museovirtualug.org/medell%C3%ADn">"Medellín (Antioquia / Colombia)"</a>. <i>museovirtualug.org</i> (in Spanish). Universidad de Guanajuato<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 21,</span> 2021</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://coordinacionpolitica.sre.gob.mx/index.php/entidades/159-nuevo-leon">"Acuerdos interinstitucionales registrados por dependencias y municipios de Nuevo León"</a>. <i>sre.gob.mx</i> (in Spanish). Secretaría de relaciones exteriores<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 21,</span> 2021</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://citydiplomacy.org/2018/05/30/acuerdo-de-hermanamiento-entre-concepcion-y-nanjing/">"Acuerdo de Hermanamiento entre Concepción y Nanjing!"</a>. <i>citydiplomacy.org</i> (in Spanish). May 30, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 21,</span> 2021</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070520134809/http://www.cancilleria.gov.ar/portal/seree/dirfe/hermanamientos2.html">"Concepción y La Plata, ciudades hermanas"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cancilleria.gov.ar/portal/seree/dirfe/hermanamientos2.html">the original</a> on May 20, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 11,</span> 2020</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFEl_Diario_242013" class="citation web cs1">El Diario 24 (July 19, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eldiario24.com/nota/tucuman/295272/san-miguel-tucuman-concepcion-chile-ahora-son-ciudades-hermanas.html">"San Miguel de Tucumán y Concepción de Chile ahora son ciudades hermanas"</a>.</cite><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{cite web}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)</span></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFIlustre_Municipalidad_de_Concepción2014" class="citation web cs1">Ilustre Municipalidad de Concepción (October 28, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170109185720/http://www.concepcion.cl/noticia/concepcion-se-hermano-con-wuhan/">"Concepción se hermanó con Wuhan"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.concepcion.cl/noticia/concepcion-se-hermano-con-wuhan/">the original</a> on January 9, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 11,</span> 2020</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

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<div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Concepci%C3%B3n,_Chile" class="extiw external" title="commons:Concepción, Chile"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Concepción, Chile</span></a>.</div></div>

</div>

<div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Concepci%C3%B3n" class="extiw external" title="wiktionary:Concepción">Concepción</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div>

</div>

<ul><li><a href="El_Sur_(newspaper)" title="El Sur (newspaper)">El Sur</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19981202055452/http://www.elsur.cl/"><i>El Sur</i>, newspaper of Concepción</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141218153635/http://viveconce.cl/"><i>Viveconce</i>, Event schedule of Concepción</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/130916/Concepcion">Source about Concepción – Encyclopædia Britannica</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fallingrain.com/world/CI/06/Concepcion.html">Geographical coordinates and NASA images, Google</a></li>

<li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"></span> <a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Concepci%C3%B3n#Q1880" class="extiw external" title="voy:Concepción">Concepción</a> travel guide from Wikivoyage</li></ul>

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</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Gran_Concepción74" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">

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</style><div id="Gran_Concepción74" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Greater_Concepci%C3%B3n" title="Greater Concepción">Gran Concepción</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul>

<li><a href="Talcahuano" title="Talcahuano">Talcahuano</a></li>

<li><a href="Chiguayante" title="Chiguayante">Chiguayante</a></li>

<li><a href="San_Pedro_de_la_Paz" title="San Pedro de la Paz">San Pedro de la Paz</a></li>

<li><a href="Hualp%C3%A9n" title="Hualpén">Hualpén</a></li>

<li><a href="Penco" title="Penco">Penco</a></li>

<li><a href="Coronel%2C_Chile" title="Coronel, Chile">Coronel</a></li>

<li><a href="Hualqui" title="Hualqui">Hualqui</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Universities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="University_of_Concepci%C3%B3n" title="University of Concepción">University of Concepción</a></li>

<li><a href="University_of_B%C3%ADo-B%C3%ADo" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Bío-Bío">University of Bío-Bío</a></li>

<li><a href="Federico_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa_Technical_University" title="Federico Santa María Technical University">UTFSM</a></li>

<li><a href="University_of_Los_Lagos" title="University of Los Lagos">University of Los Lagos</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture & Sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="El_Sur_(newspaper)" title="El Sur (newspaper)">El Sur</a> <i>newspaper</i></li>

<li><a href="C.D._Universidad_de_Concepci%C3%B3n" title="C.D. Universidad de Concepción">C.D. Universidad de Concepción</a></li>

<li><a href="Club_Deportivo_Arturo_Fern%C3%A1ndez_Vial" class="mw-redirect" title="Club Deportivo Arturo Fernández Vial">Fernández Vial</a></li>

<li><a href="Deportes_Concepci%C3%B3n_(Chile)" title="Deportes Concepción (Chile)">Deportes Concepción</a></li>

<li><a href="Huachipato" class="mw-redirect" title="Huachipato">Huachipato</a></li>

<li><a href="Deportes_Naval" title="Deportes Naval">Naval</a></li>

<li><a href="Lota_Schwager" title="Lota Schwager">Lota Schwager</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="196" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div id="196" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="%C3%91uble_Region" title="Ñuble Region"><</a> Communes and municipalities in <a href="B%C3%ADo_B%C3%ADo_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Bío Bío Region">Bío Bío Region</a> <a href="Araucan%C3%ADa_Region" title="Araucanía Region">></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Concepci%C3%B3n_Province%2C_Chile" title="Concepción Province, Chile">Concepción</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul>

<li><a href="Coronel%2C_Chile" title="Coronel, Chile">Coronel</a></li>

<li><a href="Chiguayante" title="Chiguayante">Chiguayante</a></li>

<li><a href="Florida%2C_Chile" title="Florida, Chile">Florida</a></li>

<li><a href="Hualp%C3%A9n" title="Hualpén">Hualpén</a></li>

<li><a href="Hualqui" title="Hualqui">Hualqui</a></li>

<li><a href="Penco" title="Penco">Penco</a></li>

<li><a href="San_Pedro_de_la_Paz" title="San Pedro de la Paz">San Pedro de la Paz</a></li>

<li><a href="Santa_Juana" title="Santa Juana">Santa Juana</a></li>

<li><a href="Talcahuano" title="Talcahuano">Talcahuano</a></li>

</div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="B%C3%ADo_B%C3%ADo_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Bío Bío Province">Bío Bío</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Antuco%2C_Chile" title="Antuco, Chile">Antuco</a></li>

<li><a href="Cabrero%2C_Chile" title="Cabrero, Chile">Cabrero</a></li>

<li><a href="Los_%C3%81ngeles%2C_B%C3%ADo_B%C3%ADo" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Ángeles, Bío Bío">Los Ángeles</a></li>

<li><a href="Mulch%C3%A9n" title="Mulchén">Mulchén</a></li>

<li><a href="Nacimiento%2C_Chile" title="Nacimiento, Chile">Nacimiento</a></li>

<li><a href="Negrete" title="Negrete">Negrete</a></li>

<li><a href="Quilaco" title="Quilaco">Quilaco</a></li>

<li><a href="Quilleco" title="Quilleco">Quilleco</a></li>

<li><a href="San_Rosendo" title="San Rosendo">San Rosendo</a></li>

<li><a href="Santa_B%C3%A1rbara%2C_Chile" title="Santa Bárbara, Chile">Santa Bárbara</a></li>

<li><a href="Tucapel" title="Tucapel">Tucapel</a></li>

<li><a href="Yumbel" title="Yumbel">Yumbel</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Arauco_Province" title="Arauco Province">Arauco</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Arauco%2C_Chile" title="Arauco, Chile">Arauco</a></li>

<li><a href="Ca%C3%B1ete%2C_Chile" title="Cañete, Chile">Cañete</a></li>

<li><a href="Contulmo" title="Contulmo">Contulmo</a></li>

<li><a href="Curanilahue" title="Curanilahue">Curanilahue</a></li>

<li><a href="Los_%C3%81lamos" title="Los Álamos">Los Álamos</a></li>

<li><a href="Tir%C3%BAa" title="Tirúa">Tirúa</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chilean_cities_with_a_population_of_over_150,000_(2017_census)66" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Chilean_cities_with_a_population_of_over_150,000_(2017_census)66" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Chile" title="Chile">Chilean</a> cities with a population of over 150,000 (2017 census)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><b><a href="Santiago" title="Santiago">Greater Santiago</a></b>

<ul><li><a href="Puente_Alto" title="Puente Alto">Puente Alto</a></li>

<li><a href="Maip%C3%BA%2C_Chile" title="Maipú, Chile">Maipú</a></li>

<li><b><a href="Santiago_(commune)" title="Santiago (commune)">Santiago</a></b></li>

<li><a href="La_Florida%2C_Chile" title="La Florida, Chile">La Florida</a></li>

<li><a href="San_Bernardo%2C_Chile" title="San Bernardo, Chile">San Bernardo</a></li>

<li><a href="Las_Condes" title="Las Condes">Las Condes</a></li>

<li><a href="Pe%C3%B1alol%C3%A9n" title="Peñalolén">Peñalolén</a></li>

<li><a href="Pudahuel" title="Pudahuel">Pudahuel</a></li>

<li><a href="Quilicura" title="Quilicura">Quilicura</a></li>

<li><a href="%C3%91u%C3%B1oa" title="Ñuñoa">Ñuñoa</a></li>

<li><a href="La_Pintana" title="La Pintana">La Pintana</a></li>

<li><a href="El_Bosque%2C_Chile" title="El Bosque, Chile">El Bosque</a></li>

<li><a href="Recoleta%2C_Chile" title="Recoleta, Chile">Recoleta</a></li></ul></li>

<li><b><a href="Greater_Concepci%C3%B3n" title="Greater Concepción">Greater Concepción</a></b>

<ul>

<li><a href="Talcahuano" title="Talcahuano">Talcahuano</a></li></ul></li>

<li><b><a href="Greater_Valpara%C3%ADso" title="Greater Valparaíso">Greater Valparaíso</a></b>

<ul><li><a href="Valpara%C3%ADso" title="Valparaíso">Valparaíso</a></li>

<li><a href="Quilpu%C3%A9" title="Quilpué">Quilpué</a></li>

<li><a href="Villa_Alemana" title="Villa Alemana">Villa Alemana</a></li></ul></li>

<li><b><a href="Greater_La_Serena" title="Greater La Serena">Greater La Serena</a></b>

<ul><li><a href="La_Serena%2C_Chile" title="La Serena, Chile">La Serena</a></li>

<li><a href="Coquimbo" title="Coquimbo">Coquimbo</a></li></ul></li>

<li><b><a href="Antofagasta" title="Antofagasta">Antofagasta</a></b></li>

<li><b><a href="Greater_Temuco" title="Greater Temuco">Greater Temuco</a></b>

<ul><li><a href="Temuco" title="Temuco">Temuco</a></li>

<li><a href="Padre_Las_Casas%2C_Chile" title="Padre Las Casas, Chile">Padre Las Casas</a></li></ul></li>

<li><b><a href="Greater_Iquique" title="Greater Iquique">Greater Iquique</a></b>

<ul><li><a href="Iquique" title="Iquique">Iquique</a></li>

<li><a href="Alto_Hospicio" title="Alto Hospicio">Alto Hospicio</a></li></ul></li>

<li><b><a href="Rancagua_conurbation" title="Rancagua conurbation">Rancagua conurbation</a></b></li>

<li><b><a href="Puerto_Montt" title="Puerto Montt">Puerto Montt</a></b></li>

<li><b><a href="Talca" title="Talca">Talca</a></b></li>

<li><b><a href="Arica" title="Arica">Arica</a></b></li>

<li><b><a href="Chill%C3%A1n_conurbation" title="Chillán conurbation">Chillán conurbation</a></b></li>

<li><b><a href="Los_%C3%81ngeles%2C_Chile" title="Los Ángeles, Chile">Los Ángeles</a></b></li>

<li><b><a href="Valdivia" title="Valdivia">Valdivia</a></b></li>

<li><b><a href="Calama%2C_Chile" title="Calama, Chile">Calama</a></b></li>

<li><b><a href="Osorno%2C_Chile" title="Osorno, Chile">Osorno</a></b></li>

<li><b><a href="Copiap%C3%B3" title="Copiapó">Copiapó</a></b></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="2010_Chile_earthquake72" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="2010_Chile_earthquake72" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="2010_Chile_earthquake" title="2010 Chile earthquake">2010 Chile earthquake</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Affected geography</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Peru%E2%80%93Chile_Trench" title="Peru–Chile Trench">Atacama Trench</a></li>

<li><a href="B%C3%ADo_B%C3%ADo_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Bío Bío Region">Bío Bío Region</a> (</li>

<li><a href="Dichato" title="Dichato">Dichato</a></li>

<li><a href="Talcahuano" title="Talcahuano">Talcahuano</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Maule_Region" title="Maule Region">Maule Region</a> (<a href="Cauquenes" title="Cauquenes">Cauquenes</a></li>

<li><a href="Constituci%C3%B3n%2C_Chile" title="Constitución, Chile">Constitución</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Libertador_General_Bernardo_O'Higgins_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins Region">O'Higgins Region</a> (<a href="Santa_Cruz%2C_Chile" title="Santa Cruz, Chile">Santa Cruz</a></li>

<li><a href="Rancagua" title="Rancagua">Rancagua</a></li>

<li><a href="Pichilemu" title="Pichilemu">Pichilemu</a></li>

<li><a href="Bucalemu" title="Bucalemu">Bucalemu</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Valpara%C3%ADso_Region" title="Valparaíso Region">Valparaíso Region</a> (<a href="Juan_Fern%C3%A1ndez_Islands" title="Juan Fernández Islands">Juan Fernández Islands</a></li>

<li><a href="Robinson_Crusoe_Island" title="Robinson Crusoe Island">Robinson Crusoe Island</a>)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><i><a href="Chile_ayuda_a_Chile" title="Chile ayuda a Chile">Chile helps Chile</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Gracias_a_la_Vida_(charity_song)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gracias a la Vida (charity song)">Gracias a la Vida</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Que_Cante_la_Vida" title="Que Cante la Vida">Que Cante la Vida</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="03%3A34%3A_Earthquake_in_Chile" title="03:34: Earthquake in Chile">03:34: Earthquake in Chile</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="The_Year_of_the_Tiger_(2011_film)" title="The Year of the Tiger (2011 film)">The Year of the Tiger</a></i></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="2010_Pichilemu_earthquake" class="mw-redirect" title="2010 Pichilemu earthquake">2010 Pichilemu earthquake</a></li>

<li><a href="2010_Chile_blackout" title="2010 Chile blackout">2010 Chile blackout</a></li>

<li><a href="Pichilemu_Fault" title="Pichilemu Fault">Pichilemu Fault</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Responses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Humanitarian_response_to_the_2010_Chile_earthquake" title="Humanitarian response to the 2010 Chile earthquake">Humanitarian responses</a></li>

<li><a href="Timeline_of_relief_efforts_after_the_2010_Chile_earthquake" title="Timeline of relief efforts after the 2010 Chile earthquake">Timeline of relief efforts</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="List_of_earthquakes_in_Chile" title="List of earthquakes in Chile">List of earthquakes in Chile</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_21st-century_earthquakes" class="mw-redirect" title="List of 21st-century earthquakes">List of 21st-century earthquakes</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_historical_tsunamis" class="mw-redirect" title="List of historical tsunamis">List of historical tsunamis</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

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</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1880#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1750" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1880#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1750" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Authority control databases </div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/313409858">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.worldcat.org/fast/1205533">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJhhtHGXGprWjh3ypXDrMP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79066418">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14410968q">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14410968q">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Concepción (Chile)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge1151401&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datos.bne.es/resource/XX5342238">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007564238705171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/81720a5e-f81e-4eff-9e09-d52f04e290f7">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/085789836">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10037882">NARA</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lux.collections.yale.edu/view/place/70ed99fd-f7b5-436a-bc29-402a7fb3a4c5">Yale LUX</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-07-15" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Concepci%C3%B3n%2C_Chile&oldid=1300558246">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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